Since you have decided to become a self-taught electrician, then probably after a short period of time you will want to make some useful electrical appliance for your home, car or cottage with your own hands. At the same time, homemade products can be useful not only in everyday life, but also made for sale, for example. In fact, the process of assembling simple devices at home is not difficult at all. You just need to be able to read diagrams and use the ham radio tool.

As for the first point, before you start making electronic homemade products with your own hands, you need to learn how to read electrical circuits. In this case, ours will be a good helper.

Among the tools for novice electricians, you will need a soldering iron, a set of screwdrivers, pliers and a multimeter. To assemble some popular electrical appliances, you may even need a welding machine, but this is a rare case. By the way, in this section of the site we even described the same welding machine.

Special attention should be paid to available materials, from which every novice electrician can make basic electronic homemade products with their own hands. Most often, old domestic parts are used in the manufacture of simple and useful electrical appliances: transformers, amplifiers, wires, etc. In most cases, novice radio amateurs and electricians just need to look for all the necessary tools in a garage or shed in the country.

When everything is ready - the tools have been collected, spare parts have been found and minimal knowledge has been obtained, you can proceed to assembling amateur electronic homemade products at home. This is where our small guide will help you. Each instruction provided includes not only a detailed description of each stage of creating electrical appliances, but is also accompanied by photo examples, diagrams, as well as video lessons that clearly show the entire manufacturing process. If you do not understand some point, you can clarify it under the entry in the comments. Our specialists will try to advise you in a timely manner!

6 DIY Home Automation Ideas

(electronic circuits, job descriptions)

This device is used to maintain and regulate temperature, for example in a heating system. The thermostat is simple, reliable, not critical to the location and is not afraid of frost, can be used in the automation of heating systems (thermostat for heating, thermostat for incubator, room thermostat, thermostat for greenhouses), in overheating protection systems, fire alarms, as a thermostat for heated floors. The thermostat load can be a heating element installed in the heating boiler, incubator lamps, a three-phase relay, a heating element, a heated floor heating element, a gas solenoid valve type GSAV15R 1/2", to maintain the temperature in the cellar, to maintain the temperature in the garage.

The thermostat contains a minimum of elements and, as a result, is very reliable and does not require programming. The thermostat circuit consists of an amplification stage based on the AD822 operational amplifier, a temperature-sensitive diode, a variable resistor R2 = 10 kOhm for adjusting the maintained temperature, R1 for setting hysteresis.

The thermostat allows you to maintain temperatures from 15 to 95 degrees.

The board with elements and relays can be placed in a separate box, which, like a temperature-sensitive diode, can be fixed directly to the boiler. Diodes are used to display the status of the thermostat: diode 1 - power indication, diode 2 - load switching indication.

The panel will allow you to automate functions such as turning electrical appliances on and off using a cell phone. Wherever you are, all you have to do is dial the number and wait for the dial tone. To turn off the load, you need to call the panel number from another number (for example, insert another SIM card). The power of the controlled load is limited by the type of relay used.

Let’s say you decide to visit your dacha in winter, but in order not to wait several hours upon arrival for it to warm up, you simply dial the phone number that is on the panel a couple of hours before your arrival.

In my case, I used a Nokia3310 phone with a melodies synthesizer. In order for the phone in the panel to turn on the load only from your phone, you need to program it to ring your number with a specific melody. when you call the panel phone, the panel phone will play a certain melody, which the microcontroller will decipher. The microphone plays the role of a melody detector. Then the signal from the microphone goes to the detector input and then to the controller. To do without a microphone amplifier and increase noise immunity, you need to attach the microphone directly to the phone speaker.

Naturally, the microcontroller must first be programmed.

The firmware for the controller is here:

The firmware is configured to receive three pulses to turn off and receive five pulses to turn on. The interval between pulses is 265 ms.

The appearance of the device can be like this:

With the onset of the summer season, the energy supply of country houses becomes relevant, where there is no centralized power supply.

One of the alternative sources of energy supply is a solar battery. However, its cost is quite high, so the question arises about its more efficient use. The greatest efficiency of the battery occurs when it is oriented perpendicular to the sun. However, the sun does not stand still; it moves from east to west. This article describes a device that automatically orients the battery strictly towards the sun.

The idea to simplify the design of the solar panel orientation system is to use a ready-made satellite antenna orientation unit, the so-called motorized suspension. The user just has to attach the solar battery pack to the motor suspension, and based on the level of the signal received from the solar battery sensors, the electronics unit will orient the antenna exactly towards the sun.

The motorized gimbal is designed to track satellites located in geostationary orbit (that is, when turning, it not only rotates the battery, but also tilts it, as a result of which the battery will be oriented exactly towards the sun. The signal for turning is generated by two photodiodes located on the solar battery and oriented to an arc with an angle of 30 degrees between themselves. The circuit is initially powered from a backup power source (battery). Let us consider in detail the orientation process.

Let's say the battery is in an intermediate position between west and east. When the sun rises in the east, the left photodiode is illuminated more strongly than the right one, as a result of which a logical unit is formed at IN1 and the battery turns east until the 2nd photodiode is illuminated and a unit appears on IN2, after which the motor suspension motor stops. Then, as the sun moves west, the right photodiode is illuminated more strongly, which leads to the appearance of a unit already on IN2 and the motor turns on in the other direction. The battery seems to be catching up with the sun. Variable resistors are used to adjust the sensitivity of the orientation system. Resistor R1 serves to limit the motor collector current during startup. Capacitor C3 is ceramic and is used to filter brush sparking interference.

Here we tell you how extremely simple, without going into complexity, using a minimum of components, to install a security or fire alarm system for a house or cottage.

Currently, there are a great variety of security systems. Most of them

constitute electronic security systems, which in turn are divided into digital and analog security systems, etc. and so on..

At the same time, the equipment is constantly becoming more complex and more expensive.

This device is free from all this.

Description of the circuit operation:

If the security circuit is violated (due to intrusion), relay P1 is turned off, as a result of which the alarm device is turned on.

Parts used:

relay P1 - any relay with an operating voltage of 12 Volts and a switching current of 1A. We will need that pair of contacts that is activated when the relay is released. Alarm device - any "Mayak" type or from a car alarm. Reed switch - any type that can withstand a current of 100 mA and a voltage of 12 Volts.

By design:

We use reed switches to protect places where penetration is most likely (doors, windows, gates, fences). The perimeter wire, signal device and power supply wires must be masked. The number of reed switches should not exceed 10, otherwise it will be more difficult to find damage (as in a Christmas tree garland).

Why is this necessary: ​​if you open the website lyngsat.com you can see how large and varied the number of domestic and foreign programs are transmitted by satellites in excellent quality. However, manually reconfiguring a satellite to a satellite is a very labor-intensive task and takes a lot of time, and sometimes it is simply impossible if the antenna is in a hard-to-reach place. This is what a motor suspension is used for, which usually includes a motor, a rotation mechanism, extreme position sensors and an encoder.

In order to control the rotation of the satellite dish, you need a motorized suspension with an encoder. Then, by supplying power to the motorized suspension and counting the number of pulses from the encoder, you can always know the position of the antenna. Typically, pulses are counted relative to a certain point, which must be determined in advance using an extreme position sensor. Let's call this point HOME, which means "house" in English. Next, we determine how many pulses per degree our encoder makes. This can be done by reading the documentation of the motor suspension or calculating the value empirically. Next, we set the antenna to its extreme position and, counting the number of pulses, set it to the desired satellite. You can first find a satellite and tune in to it. For example, Eutelsat W4 at 36.0°E in the Moscow region is strictly in the south and you are tuned to it, the number of encoder pulses is 5 per degree. And Express AM1 at 40.0°E is located 4 degrees to the west (to the left, when looking south.) That is, the number of impulses when turning to Express AM1 at 40.0°E = 4*5=20. We turn on the motor and after 20 pulses, with the motor suspension configured correctly, we get to Express AM1 at 40.0°E.

In this design, the counting of pulses, the formation of motor activation, the memorization of positions is performed by a computer, and the exchange of signals is carried out through a parallel port.

The motor suspension is controlled from a computer via a parallel port. The program is written in Delphi.

For the program to work, you need to install the test.txt file on drive C to record program parameters. To work, an LPT driver is also required, which must be located in the same directory as the program.

This mechanism will help put the baby to sleep. The device consists of an actuator, generator, amplifier, power supply and of course the bed itself.

The schematic diagram of the device is shown in the figure:

The L298 chip is a bridge driver. When a logical one appears at input IN1, and a logical zero appears at IN2, the actuator moves in one direction, and in the opposite direction, in the other direction. The ENA input controls the speed of the actuator.

The L298 is controlled by the ATmega16 microcontroller. The firmware for it is here.

The operating procedure is as follows: when a signal from the microphone occurs (the child woke up and screamed), the actuator turns on and performs 20 swings. If after this the signal from the microphone continues to flow, the swing continues.

Adjustment of the speed and frequency of swings is regulated using resistors R1, R2. The microphone is located in close proximity to the child. The rocker is powered from any stabilized source of 12 V and a current of 4 A.

A selection of simple automatic amateur radio designs made by yourself. It presents various automation schemes, such as touch switches, automatic control of various devices and objects, various timers and automatic lights, lighting switches and automatic relays.

Amateur radio designs for remote control using IR rays- The infrared control device consists of two blocks - a transmitter and a receiver with a possible range of up to seven meters. The circuit is built using a PIC12F629 microcontroller

Controlling household appliances using a radio call. Nowadays there are a wide variety of low-power communication devices on sale that are available without registration, such as VHF pocket radios, radio-controlled toys, and recently radio bells have appeared. In general, the amateur radio design is very interesting in terms of its breadth of application. It consists of two blocks - a remote control button and the bell itself.

Remote control of four objects. The coding system allows you to control the alarm system by responding only to your remote key, or to several different devices in the same room

Amateur radio circuits for remote load control on the PIC12f629 microcontroller for four channels there are two versions of firmware for the RC-5 or NEC standard

Power switch with remote control via telephone network designed for operation in the public telephone network. It allows you to remotely turn on and off low- and medium-power network electrical appliances using a telephone line.

At 220 V, current flows through resistor R1 and the rectifier diode, charges the capacitor, and the relay operates. If the voltage is less than 180 V, the moving contact switches to the 127 V contact

When we apply a voltage of 220 V, current flows through resistor R1, rectifier diode VD1, charges capacitor C1, and the relay is activated. In this case, its contacts are in the position as shown in the diagram. If the voltage is less than 180 V, the current through the relay coil is not enough to operate it, and the moving contact switches to the 127 V contact. The switch is adjusted by selecting resistor R1. In this case, the relay contacts are disconnected from the transformer. Using an autotransformer, set the network voltage to about 180 V and select resistor R1 so that the relay turns off.

The basis of the amateur radio device is a relaxation generator based on a dinistor. This alarm device monitors not only the increase in the mains voltage, but also its decrease

To manufacture this device, you need a wirewound variable resistor of type SP5-30 or other suitable power with a resistance of about 1 kOhm.

When you press the button, a positive pulse is sent to the thyristor. It opens and the magnetic starter KM1 turns on, which turns on the load with its contacts. The next time you press the button, the voltage from the charged capacitor is supplied to the thyristor in reverse polarity, it closes and turns off the magnetic starter

A selection of amateur radio developments of humidity sensors, which are designed to turn on forced ventilation of a room at high air humidity, can be installed in the kitchen, bathroom, cellar, basement, garage

DIY sensor design that, when wet, begins to emit warning sounds. Moreover, it starts signaling only 10 seconds after getting wet; there are two types of signaling: sound and light

The device of a touch switch is considered, which can be easily and quickly assembled with your own hands. The touch switch can be used in various situations, for example, you can turn off the light of a lamp after a time interval specified by the circuitry

Very often in everyday life and households it is necessary to automatically turn on or off the load at a certain time, for this I propose to consider two designs assembled on the basis of the IRF7309 transistor assembly containing two field-effect switching transistors, one of which is with an n-type channel, and the other is a p-type .

These transistors have low channel resistance in the open state, low leakage current in the closed state and are capable of switching currents up to 3...4 A. Thanks to the small housing, the device can be made compact

Lighting circuits

The first light switch is connected instead of the existing apartment lighting switch. With the help of an automatic machine, the lighting turns on immediately, and turns off only tens of seconds after an attempt to turn off the light. This makes it possible to. When leaving the apartment, you won’t find yourself in the dark searching for your keys and inserting the key into the door lock. The light switch of the second design is designed to automatically turn on and off lighting in areas of the apartment such as a bathroom or toilet.

The considered circuits are used to automatically turn on street lighting at nightfall and automatically turn off at dawn. Some of them have original circuit and technical solutions.

The considered light switch circuits are represented by a conventional light relay, which is triggered automatically with an increase in the level of natural or artificial lighting.

Often there is a need to maintain the temperature regime of a room. Previously, this required a fairly huge circuit made on analog elements; we will consider one of these for general development. Today everything is much simpler, if it is necessary to maintain the temperature in the range from -55 to +125°C, then the programmable thermometer and thermostat DS1821 microcircuit can perfectly cope with this goal

The main purpose of motion sensors is to automatically turn on or off a load or device in a certain time interval when moving biological objects appear in the sensitivity zone of the sensor. Let's consider one of the main areas of application of these sensors in controlling the lighting of objects and increasing energy efficiency.

What is a capacitive relay? This is the most common electronic relay, triggered when the capacitance between the sensor and the common wire changes. The sensing element of many capacitive relays is high frequency oscillators of hundreds of kilohertz or more. If you connect an additional capacitance in parallel to the circuit of this generator, then either the frequency of the generator will change, or its oscillations will stop completely.

This is an electronic module that acts as an interface and allows for excellent electrical insulation between both low-voltage and high-voltage circuits. The device contains powerful power switches based on triacs, thyristors or power transistors. Such relays are an excellent option for replacing classic electromagnetic relays, contactors and electromagnetic starters, as they provide a more reliable and safe switching method.

When making a homemade power supply, it became necessary to install a fan on the radiator, but the constant noise from it and energy consumption forced us to think and propose a simple regulator circuit without the use of microcontrollers, but only on analog radio components.

An electronic fuse is a simple and effective way to protect various household and medical equipment from overcurrent. Electronic fuses are economical, simple and reliable and, in addition, have small dimensions and are most often made on the basis of field-effect transistors

Current protection

Many outdated household appliances do not have grounding. Many people think that there is no need for it: the bodies of the devices are well insulated from the network, and they usually work with them in dry rooms. But if a breakdown or damage to the insulation suddenly occurs, faulty household appliances will become a source of serious danger. And the fuses here will not fulfill their function: they will not burn out until there is a short circuit. An automatic current protection device will help you avoid electrical injuries in apartments and houses with electrical wiring without an RCD, which will disconnect electrical equipment from the network as soon as voltage appears on the housing.

Due to the constant increase in the cost of electricity, legal ways to save it become relevant. Electric lighting is rarely required in some rooms. But we often forget to turn off the light, but the light bulb continues to burn, wasting precious kilowatts.

The proposed voltage control device, the circuit of which you can assemble with your own hands, is built on the basis of the KR1006VI1 timer and an original sound effect, which is activated immediately as the voltage control says so.

These designs are used to automatically turn on outdoor lighting with the onset of darkness and, conversely, automatically turn off the lighting with the onset of dawn, which is especially important, especially in conditions of such expensive energy resources.

These mechanical transducers are used to search for vibrations and various mechanical deformations and have been used for quite some time. This design is a low-cost option for general purpose solid-state sensor applications. The circuit uses a standard piezoelectric element to detect mechanical shock or vibration

This is an extremely easy-to-replicate water leakage sensor, which, if there is a problem with liquid getting between the plates, will connect the relay winding, which turns on any load with its contacts, for example, an electromagnetic valve that shuts off the water.

Sometimes you need to find out how much water or other conductive liquid remains in a closed container. For example, in a metal barrel buried in the ground or raised to a height so that it is not possible to determine its contents. To solve this problem, I recommend assembling a circuit for a simple water level sensor. The device consists of only a few radio components: resistors, transistors and three LEDs.

It often happens when, leaving home, you suddenly remember, and then run to check if you left any household appliances on. But some of them can not only significantly increase your electricity bill, but also create the risk of a fire. A simple power consumption indicator circuit will help eliminate such cases.

It happens very often. that there is absolutely no one to leave home flowers for. But for an electronics engineer this is not a problem; he can easily create a circuit for automatically watering indoor plants.

A Hall sensor is a magnetoelectric device that uses the Hall effect. The principle itself was discovered in 1879, when a thin gold plate with a current passed through it was placed in a magnetic field and a transverse potential difference (Hall voltage) was observed.

Turning off your electronic device in time will save you from many problems. Therefore, more and more often, amateur radio designs operating at high power are supplemented with alarm systems for overheating of powerful semiconductor devices. In this technical collection, we will consider simple circuits of signaling devices installed on the radiator.

Quite often situations arise when it is necessary for some device to continue to operate stably even in the absence of the main power supply. I propose for repetition several simple variants of circuits that allow you to switch the load from regular to backup power in the event of possible interruptions in the power supply, this is especially true for rural areas.

To make this simple pressure sensor design with our own hands, we need the following amateur radio tools and materials: a soldering iron, glue, a knife, two pieces of a single-sided printed circuit board, a piece of foam or a thin layer of foam rubber sprinkled with graphite dust and mounting wires.

A simple ceramic piezoelectric detector can be used to assemble a useful physical impact sensor that can be used in alarm systems on doors, windows, and to detect various shocks and vibrations.

Touch button

The touch button is an excellent alternative to standard mechanical buttons, which never wear out or become clogged, practically does not break, is resistant to aggressive liquids, does not require pressure, and is also vandal-resistant.

This book is devoted to the capabilities of a personal IBM-compatible computer to interface with external devices through parallel, serial and game ports, which are found in almost any modern PC. External devices include DACs and digital digital converters, electric motor control circuits, transceivers, modems, various indicators, sensors, etc.; texts of control programs with detailed comments are provided.

The book is intended for a wide range of readers interested in computer science, electronics and computer technology. It will be useful to students of technical universities and colleges as a teaching aid when studying PC hardware, as well as to radio amateurs who strive to make full use of the capabilities of their home computer. Beginning programmers will find a large number of source codes for programs here, and electronics engineers will gain new ideas for the beautiful implementation of their professional projects.

The book is devoted to the problems of pairing a personal computer with modern electronic devices using parallel, serial and gaming ports. It provides many examples showing how a PC can collect information from the world around it and control external devices. In addition, software written in Turbo Pascal and Visual Basic is offered. This combination of hardware and software reveals the essence of the concept of “computer pairing”.

The most famous are parallel, serial and game ports, which are built into almost every PC. Therefore, the circuits discussed in this book can be used with all types of computers: desktops, laptops, pocket IBM PCs and compatibles, Macintosh, Amiga, PSTON1, etc.

The book is intended for a wide range of readers, including: specialists who use a computer to interact with the outside world; programmers who develop similar software; engineers who dream of connecting digital electronic devices to PCs; students who want to learn in practice how a computer interfaces with external devices; anyone learning the latest uses of computers.

Year of issue: 2001
An P.
Genre:
Publisher: M.: DMK Press
Format: DjVu
Size: 3.1 MB
Quality: Scanned pages
Number of pages: 320

Book reading program: DjVuReader

Preface 9
1. Parallel, serial and game ports 13
1.1. Parallel port 13
1.1.1. Connectors 14
1.1.2. Internal structure 15
1.1.3. Program control 19
1.2. Serial interface RS232 26
1.2.1. Serial data transmission 26
1.2.2. RS232 port connector and cable 28
1.2.3. Internal hardware device 29
1.2.4. Program control 35
1.3. Game port 41
1.3.1. Connector 42
1.3.2. Internal hardware device 42
1.3.3. Program control 44

2. Necessary equipment 49
2.1. Power supplies 49
2.1.1. DC power supply 49
2.1.2. Power supplies +5, -5, +12, -12 V 50
2.1.3. Reference voltages 54
2.1.4. Voltage converters 55
2.1.5. Circuits of power supplies with galvanic isolation 56
2.2. Logic probes 57
2.3. Digital and analog signal generators 57
2.3.1. Digital Signal Generators 58
2.3.2. Analog Signal Generators 60
2.4. Experimental boards for parallel, serial and gaming ports 62
2.4.1. Experimental Parallel Port 62 Board
2.4.2. Experimental Serial Port 65 Board
2.4.3. Experimental Game Port 67 Board
2.4.4. Design of experimental boards 69
2.5. Board Development Tools 71

3. Programs for managing experimental boards 75
3.1. Parallel Port Experimental Board 76 Software
3.1.1. Description of the program CENTEXP.PAS 76
3.1.2. Description of the CENTEXP 79 program
3.2. Serial Port 84 Experimental Board Software
3.2.1. Description of the program RS232EXP.PAS 84
3.2.2. Description of the RS232EXP 88 program
3.3. Game Port 93 Experimental Board Software
3.3.1. Description of the program GAMEEXP.PAS 94
3.3.2. Description of the GAMEEXP 98 program
3.4. Software resource libraries 100

4. Expanding the capabilities of parallel, serial and game ports 113
4.1. Parallel Port Enhancement 113
4.1.1. Increasing the number of I/O lines using low-integration ICs 113
4.1.2. Increasing the number of I/O lines using the 8255 116 chip
4.2. Serial Port Enhancement 123
4.2.1. Level converters RS232/TT/1 123
4.2.2. Increasing the number of I/O lines using UART 124
4.2.3. ITC232-A chip for interface with serial port 130
4.3. Increasing the number of lines in game port 132
4.4. Serial-parallel converters 132
4.5. Parallel-serial converters 134
4.6. Data encryptors and decryptors 135
4.7. Bus l2C 143
4.7.1. Operating principle 144
4.7.2. Timing diagrams for l2C 145 bus operation
4.7.3. Implementation based on parallel and serial ports... 146
4.7.4. Microcircuits supporting the standard!2C 147
4.8. Serial peripheral interface 147
4.9. MicroLAN 147 bus
4.10. Interfacing between TTL and CMOS circuits 148
4.11. Protecting Digital I/O Lines 149

5. Management of external devices 152
5.1. Powerful switching devices 152
5.1.1. Switching devices using optocouplers 152
5.1.2. Transistor switching devices 152
5.1.3. Switching devices based on Darlington circuit 153
5.1.4. Switching devices based on field-effect transistors 153
5.1.5. Switching devices based on MOS transistors with protection 154
5.2. LED control devices 155
5.2.1. Standard LEDs 155
5.2.2. Low power LEDs 156
5.2.3. Multicolor LEDs 156
5.2.4. Infrared LEDs 157
5.3. Relay control devices 158
5.3.1. Dry Contact Relays 158
5.3.2. Transistor relay control devices 159
5.4. Powerful control integrated circuits 159
5.4.1. Multichannel control integrated circuits 159
5.4.2. Buffer control devices with latches 160
5.5. Optoelectronic semiconductor relays based on thyristors 163
5.6. DC motor controls 164
5.7. Stepper motor control devices 166
5.7.1. Control devices for four-phase stepper motors.... 166
5.7.2. Control devices for two-phase stepper motors 168
5.8. Managing audio devices 169
5.8.1. Control devices for piezoelectric speakers, buzzers and sirens 170
5.8.2. Loudspeaker control devices 170
5.9. Display control devices 172
5.9.1. Multi-Digit LED Displays with Integrated Control Circuits 172
5.9.2. Raster LED displays with integrated control circuits 176
5.9.3. Multi-digit LED raster displays with built-in control circuits 178
5.9.4. Liquid crystal raster display modules 181
5.10. Muscle cable control devices 186

6. Measurement of analog quantities 188
6.1. Analog-to-digital converters 188
6.1.1. ADC with parallel I/O interface 188
6.1.2. 205 Serial I/O ADC
6.1.3. Analog processor ADC TSC500 217
6.2. Voltage-frequency converters 221
6.2.1. Principles of voltage-frequency conversion 221
6.2.2. Voltage-frequency converter LM331 222
6.3. Digital light intensity sensors 224
6.3.1. Linear array of light detectors TSL215 227
6.3.2. Other digital optoelectronic sensors 231
6.4. Digital temperature sensors 232
6.4.1. Thermometer DS1620 233
6.4.2. Digital temperature sensor 238
6.4.3. Liquid Crystal Temperature Modules 240
6.5. Digital humidity sensors 243
6.6. Digital fluid flow sensors 245
6.7. Digital magnetic field sensors 247
6.7.1. Digital sensor FGM-3 magnetic field induction 247
6.7.2. Digital magnetic field sensor 248
6.8. Precise time radio systems 248
6.9. Keyboard 253

7. Pairing your computer with other digital devices 254
7.1. Digital-to-analog converters 254
7.1.1. Simple DAC R-2R 254
7.1.2. Parallel input DAC ZN428 254
7.1.3. DAC0854 serial I/O interface... 257
7.2. Digital potentiometers 261
7.3. Memory modules 264
7.3.1. 2Kb Serial I/O EEPROM ST93C56C 264
7.3.2. EEPROM with PC bus 270
7.4. Real-time reference systems 275
7.5. Digitally controlled signal generators 281
7.5.1. Programmable timer/counter 8254 282
7.5.2. CNC Generator HSP45102 288
7.5.3. Programmable sine wave generator ML2036 292

8. Network applications and remote access 293
8.1. Telecommunication circuits 293
8.2. Modem Integrated Circuits 294
8.3. Radio communication 295
8.3.1. FM transmitter and receiver TMX/SILRX 296
8.3.2. AM transmitter and receiver AM-TX1/AM-HHR3 299
8.3.3. Experiments on data transmission using radio communications 299
8.4. 302 transceiver modules
8.4.1. Transceiver BiM^^F 302
8.4.2. Requirements for transmitted serial data 304
8.5. Modem for work in a household electrical network LM1893 305
8.6. RS485 306 interface
8.7. Infrared data lines 307

References 312
Subject index 313