Note: in most cases, manually configuring the network adapter is not required, as our network provides automatic TCP / IP settings for computers. Follow this instruction only if there are problems in the computer network.
1. Go to "Control Panel": open the menu "Start" and select the item "Control Panel".
2. If the window does not look like the one shown in the figure below, then switch the view to "Small Icons" selecting the appropriate item in the menu "View". Go to "Network Control Center and public access».
Important!
Don't use unload functions Offloading IPsec Tasks or offload TCP Chimney. These technologies are obsolete in Windows Server 2016 and may adversely affect server and network performance. Additionally, these technologies may not be supported by Microsoft in the future.
For example, enabling segmentation offloading may reduce the maximum sustained throughput of some network adapters due to limited hardware resources. However, if the decrease bandwidth will not be a limitation, you should enable the offload functionality even for this type of network adapter.
Note
Some network adapters require offloading to be enabled separately for sending and receiving paths.
Enable Scaling (RSS) for Receive-side Web Servers
RSS can improve web scalability and performance when the number of network adapters is less than the logical processors on the server. When web traffic passes through RSS-enabled network adapters, incoming web requests from different connections can be processed by different CPUs at the same time.
Note that due to the RSS and hypertext transfer important protocol (HTTP) load balancing, performance can be significantly degraded if non-RSS-enabled network adapter web traffic is on a server that supports RSS-enabled adapters. In this case, you must use network adapters that support RSS, or disable RSS in the properties window of the network adapter additional properties tab. To determine whether an adapter is RSS-enabled, you can view the RSS information on the properties of the network adapter additional properties tab.
RSS Profiles and RSS Queues
The predefined default RSS profile is NUMA Static which changes the default behavior previous versions operating system. To get started with RSS profiles, you can review the available profiles to understand when they are useful and how they apply to your network or equipment.
For example, if you open Task Manager and look at the logical processors on the server that they are underutilized by receiving traffic, you can try increasing the number of RSS queues from the default value of 2 to the maximum supported by the network adapter. The network adapter may have settings to change the number of RSS queues in the driver.
Increasing resources for network adapters
For network adapters that allow you to manually configure resources, such as receive and send buffers, you should increase resource allocation.
Some network adapters have small receive buffers to conserve dedicated memory from the host. This leads to packet loss and performance degradation. Therefore, for heavy reception scenarios, it is recommended to increase the receive buffer value to the maximum.
Note
If the network adapter doesn't provide it manually, it either configures them dynamically for resources, or resources are set to a fixed value that cannot be changed.
Enable interrupt control
For interrupt management, some NICs offer different interrupt levels, buffer pooling options (sometimes separate for the receive and transmit buffer), or both.
It is recommended to control interrupts for CPU-bound workloads and consider a balance between saving host CPU and latency and increasing savings in host CPU due to more interrupts and lower latency. If the NIC does not handle interrupts but does provide pooling buffers, increasing the number of pooled buffers allows buffers to be pooled for sending or receiving, which improves performance.
Performance Tuning for Low Latency Packet Handling
Many network adapters allow settings to optimize latency caused by operating system. Latency is the time between processing an incoming packet by a network driver and sending that packet back. This time is usually measured in microseconds. For comparison, the transmission time of packets over long distances is usually measured in milliseconds \ (larger \ order). This setting does not reduce the time spent per packet during transmission.
The following are some suggestions for microsecond networks for performance tuning.
When the operating system is reinstalled, the user may encounter the problem of missing network driver. Without this driver, neither wireless nor wired network can run. If you have a disk, there are no problems, just install the program. And in its absence, you need to find, for example, a mobile phone / tablet with a connected network in order to download the driver. To avoid such problems, when reinstalling the operating system, you must follow the correct algorithm of actions.
The driver is the link between the operating system and the internal components of the computer, that is, this program connects the OS to the motherboard, video and network cards, and office equipment. These programs are developed by the same companies that produce PC hardware and electronic office equipment, with which it interacts Personal Computer. When buying a computer, the user does not think about various drivers, since they are already pre-installed in the system. But, for example, after the first reinstallation of the OS or the purchase of a new computer, the user will be faced with their absence.
If there is no driver for the network on the computer, there is no way to go online and download from official sites that are in automatic mode scan the operating system and install any missing drivers. When can you run into a problem installing a network device driver? In these three cases:
- Even on a new, just from the store, computer, the operating system may be missing, and as a result, the driver.
- When the operating system is installed/reinstalled.
- When it happens system failure and the driver stops working.
Because in Lately As users increasingly assemble computers themselves (choose internal components), a DVD drive may not be present, and as a result, it is not possible to install any driver from a disk.
In this regard, it can be advised to keep a complete set of drivers in separate folder on a PC or download them to a flash card. In this case, you don't have to search mobile device to go to the official pages of manufacturers' websites and from there download a program that will automatically install the missing drivers.
Installing the network driver
Before installing the driver, you must identify your computer. All brands and models of internal computer hardware are encoded with special "ciphers". This is done so that during installation the driver can identify the computer model and its manufacturer. The network device driver code looks like this: PCI/TECH_xxxx&DEV_xxxx&SUBSYS_xxxxxx. TECH means that the hardware for the computer was made by A4Tech, and DEV is the device ID.Step 1. Hardware identification
In order to find out the code, click Start, enter device manager in the search field. Next, a menu will open with which you can identify the equipment. Press " Network adapters» and select the name of the controller.
Once you do this, the Details section will open. Find their "Properties" and select "Model ID". The first line contains full information about the device model.
Step 2: Install/Update Network Adapter Driver
This will be the identifier of your equipment. Now you need to find it on the Internet by entering the name in any search engine, for example.The search engine will issue official page driver, and you need to download it to your PC. Then comes the installation process itself. If you need to update a network device driver, you do exactly the same: find the ID, enter it in the search, download and install.
To install a missing or latest version of the driver, use the "Device Manager". Do the same for the last step Update drivers».
Select "Search for driver software on this computer".
Go to the folder where you saved the necessary drivers downloaded on the official website of the manufacturer, and install them using the "Next" button.
Many users, before installing new versions of drivers, remove the old ones in order to avoid conflict and inoperability, because even if you did everything correctly, the Internet may not appear on the computer. In this case, you still need to take the advice of users and remove the old versions.
How to do it! In Device Manager, you can uninstall old version network driver. Agree with the choice, and the system will remove the network device driver that was previously installed on your computer.
There are two steps left and your computer will work fully. Step one - reboot and open Device Manager. In place of the removed driver will appear " network controller" in section " Other devices».
At the final stage, follow the steps from (updating/installing network device drivers).
Windows 7 supports the vast majority of network cards. Moreover, most modern network equipment is sharpened specifically for Windows, with all the ensuing problems, because Windows is not famous for its stability. However, Microsoft promptly solves most of the problems that arise with network equipment, honor and praise to them, but those that inevitably arise will be analyzed in detail in this article.
First of all: in order to expand the potential range of tasks that a client computer performs on a network, there is a need to change the basic parameters of a network card.
Here are examples of such tasks:
How to see a list of available network adapters (network connections) in Windows 7?
The list of available devices on Windows 7 can be seen in two ways:
The second method starts by opening the "Device Manager" using the "Run" window:
Enabling the network card, including using the BIOS
Read instructions for everyone BIOS versions in the article -
On laptops, turning the network interface on and off is done by pressing a keyboard shortcut, on desktop computers, through the BIOS menu.
To enable the wireless network adapter on laptops, there is a Fn + F12 combination, although some manufacturers make a special key for this function.
Installing a network driver on Windows 7, including without the Internet
Since the network adapter is equivalent to the Internet, its absence makes it very difficult to download the driver for the network card. The issue is resolved by pre-recording drivers on media.
- Drivers are downloaded and written to a flash drive, CD, etc.
- The media is connected to the PC.
- After that, the "Device Manager" opens, using the "Run" window (called by pressing the "Win + R" keys), in which the "devmgmt.msc" command is entered.
- There is a section "Sound, game and video devices", subsection "Unknown device", which is not yet installed. You need to start installing drivers for an unknown device (future network adapter) after selecting it with the right mouse button and selecting it in the "Properties" drop-down menu.
- Click the left mouse button - "Update".
- Manual setting is selected.
- The path to the driver media is written or indicated.
- Finally, the installation begins. It takes no more than a couple of minutes.
The network card without drivers in the "Device Manager" was in the "Unknown Devices" section. After the update, it takes its rightful place - in the "Network Adapters".
Video - How to install a network adapter driver without access to the Internet
Setting up a network connection in Windows 7
Although Internet service providers prefer to configure their own network hardware customers, sometimes you have to do more advanced configuration. This is typical for computers with multiple adapters.
For this:
- Go to the context menu "Start", open the "Control Panel".
- In the "View" category, set the value to "Category", find and open the "Network and Internet" section.
- Click on the "Network and Sharing Center" link.
- Click on the "Change adapter settings" link.
- Right-click on the network connection shortcut, select "Properties".
- Check the box "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)", click on the "Properties" button.
- Check the box "Use the following IP address", fill in the fields with data.
On a note! The fields and "Main gateway" are in the agreement with the Internet provider, the remaining fields contain the same values for all users.
Video - The computer does not see the network adapter
How to view and change network card settings (IP, Mac, and more) in Windows 7?
It is easy to see the adapter parameters and its MAC address thanks to system programs.
For this:
How to reset all network driver settings?
If you want to completely roll back all settings to their original level, then do the following:
Is it possible to create two network cards?
Many users are thinking about getting a second network card. Physically, there are no problems here: most laptops and computers support a second network card. But there are exceptions, as well as damaged slots, as well as netbooks and tablet computers. In this situation, you need to use a virtual board that distributes Internet traffic no worse than a physical one.
The ability to install such a virtual card is in the Windows system itself:
- In the "Start" menu, type "manager" in the field, open "Device Manager".
- In the "Device Manager" click on the "Network adapters" section, select "Actions" in the top menu, and from the drop-down menu - "Install an old device".
- The installation wizard will open. You need to select the manual option to access the list of drivers for all devices.
- Scroll through the categories, select "Network adapters", click "Next".
- Then click on the "Micrsoft" item, add "Micrsoft loopback adapter" or "Microsoft Loopback Adapter", which will then appear in the network connections window.
- Confirm. The network adapter should now appear in Network Connections.
Complete reset of network drivers
If your Internet is down or most of the Internet pages are not opening, then resetting all parameters and the TCP / IP stack can be an excellent solution to this problem.
Disable network card
To disable the network adapter, the best remedy is to use the most standard and convenient Windows tool for maintaining all such equipment - this is the device manager. Do the following:
In this case, the shutdown will occur immediately, it will not even be necessary to reboot the OS.
Important! After the adapter is disconnected, the Internet connection will be cut off along with it and there will be a disconnection from the local network. Therefore, it is recommended to finish all your business on the Internet in a timely manner before turning off the network card.
The network adapter does not have valid IP settings
A common problem with Windows users 7 - this is when there are problems with Internet access and the network diagnostic tool displays a message stating that the network adapter does not have valid IP settings.
In this case, you can first try to reset the router. If you have a wired connection, then disable and then re-enable your network-connection in the network connections menu. If this does not help, then you can proceed to the next steps.
Step 1. Renew your IP address - this is the easiest method, although not always helpful in this case. To do this, open command line” (as administrator) and enter the following commands:
Check again if the error is still displayed? If yes, then let's move on.
Step 2 You can try to reset network settings, namely the IP protocols. It is recommended to reset the TCP/IP protocol stack to factory settings in the most acute cases, when problems occur as a result of malware, etc. To do this, open a command prompt in administrator mode and type:
Network card settings crash
When setting up a network, users may encounter the following situation: when the IP address, gateway, DNS are manually entered - the prescribed parameters are not saved, but reset to factory settings, and thus it becomes impossible to change network settings from automatically receiving addresses from the router. One of the common reasons for this is the incorrect removal of an antivirus that has firewall functions.
What should be done:
- Reset the TCP/IP protocol stack to factory settings (see how to do this earlier in the article).
- Reboot.
If this does not help, then do the following:
After that, the problem should be resolved.
What to do if there are problems with the network card?
Many plug-in network adapters, due to their vulnerability to electricity, can fail for a while during periods of severe thunderstorms, or power outages in a building. In most cases, difficulties manifest themselves in situations with wired equipment, since multi-storey buildings have long cable routes laid by Internet providers in places not quite intended for this, next to telephone and television cables and high voltage wires. High humidity, dampness and low temperature in this area - all this has an extremely negative effect on the insulation of wires, so breakdowns appear in them. .
Sometimes also, in more rare cases, breakdowns occur due to emergencies such as a major thunderstorm. Network adapters often burn out, or users begin to experience difficulty logging into the network. In this case, the equipment will function, but there may be no connection to the Internet during such periods.
Unfortunately, this problem solved only by buying another model of network adapter. For a desktop computer, it complies with the PCI standard, for a laptop - USB and PCMCIA.
It is also not recommended to include network cable into the router, and then connect a computer to it, because even if the router breaks down, its replacement will cost relatively inexpensively, compared to replacing the network card built into the computer (or even the entire motherboard).
Windows 7 does not see network adapter
When the integrated network equipment is not shown in the " Network connections", nor in the "Device Manager", and is not even reflected in the "Unknown Devices" section (which would be explained by the lack of drivers), then most likely something is physically wrong with it. It is quite possible that some transistors burned out on the network card board, or a chip flew off - in this case it is more expedient to buy a new card.
Video - How to set up a wired network card on Windows 7
A network card or network adapter is needed to create a local area network, with which you can connect several computers to each other, as well as to connect a computer to the Internet. Sometimes the card starts to work incorrectly, but you can restore it yourself using standard Windows 7 tools.
When to manually configure an adapter
You need to update the drivers or change the card settings if you have problems with raising the local network or connecting to the Internet. Please note that the appearance of such problems is not always caused by the network adapter, but sometimes it is because of it that errors occur that block access to the network.
How to find out the adapter model
The first thing to do is to check if the card is connected to the computer and whether it is recognized by it. The adapter is included with all laptops and computers by default, so if you did not assemble your device in parts yourself, you should not think about its absence. But there are times when the wires leading to it are disconnected or depart.
A network card (or network adapter) is a device that allows a computer to communicate with other devices. On modern PCs and laptops, the components of this device are integrated into the motherboard.
You will need to open the computer case and check this only if the network card is not displayed in the Device Manager:
Card activation
If the network card is connected but not enabled, it must be enabled manually. This can be done in several ways. If the card is not damaged, then turning it on will not cause errors.
Through the "Device Manager"
In the previous section, it was described how to view the card model through the "Device Manager". Find the adapter you need and by right-clicking on it, select the “Enable” function. If the card is successfully enabled, the down arrow from its icon will disappear.
Click on the "Activate" button in the "Device Manager" Using the "Control Panel"
- Using the "Start" menu or any other method, launch the "Control Panel" of the computer.
Opening the "Control Panel" - Navigate to "Network and Sharing Center".
Go to "Network and Sharing Center" - Click on the sub-item "Change adapter settings".
Click on the sub-item "Change adapter settings" - A list will open, which will most likely contain several cards. One serves as a connection to wireless network, and the other - to the wireless. There may be additional adapters in the list. Select the one you need and by right-clicking on it, select the "Enable" function. Wait for the activation to complete: the red cross icon on the map icon should disappear.
Click on the "Enable" button to activate the adapter
Via BIOS
If the card cannot be activated in the previous two ways, then perhaps this can be done through the BIOS settings.
- The BIOS is entered using the Delete key, which must be pressed while turning on the computer. Perhaps the key that activates the BIOS will be different: this will be indicated in the tooltip that appears in one of the corners of the screen when the logo appears. If you recognize the model of your motherboard, you can find the button on the Internet that is responsible for entering the BIOS.
Enter the BIOS by pressing the Delete key - The design and location of BIOS items and sections may differ depending on its version and motherboard model, but the following algorithm of actions is approximately the same for all versions. Go to the "Advanced" tab.
Open the "Advanced" tab - Navigate to the "Onboard Devices Configuration" subsection.
Open the subsection "Onboard Devices Configuration" - To enable the map, set the "Onboard Lan" line to "Enabled". The value "Disabled" means that the card is disabled.
Set the parameter "Enabled" for the line "Onboard Lan"
Video: how to enable a network card in Windows 7
You can disable an extra card in the same ways that allowed you to enable it: through the "Device Manager", "Control Panel" and BIOS. Only in the last step of the method through the "Device Manager" you need to click the "Disable" or "Delete" button, in the "Control Panel" the "Disable" button, and in the BIOS change the value from "Enabled" to "Disabled".
Disabling the card through the "Control Panel" Update and install drivers
Drivers are necessary so that the card does not conflict with other components and fully performs all its functions. Usually they are installed automatically when you first connect the computer adapter, but sometimes the drivers crash or become outdated. In both cases, you need to reinstall them yourself. This is done through the "Device Manager".
Automatic update
The positive side of this method is that you will not need to look for drivers manually, the negative side is that you will need an Internet connection, which may not be available if the network card is not working. But if you have the ability to connect to the network, then you can update the drivers in the following way:
Manual update
The advantage of this method is that you can manually download the card drivers from another computer that has Internet access, and then transfer them to your own and install them. It is recommended to download card drivers strictly from the official website of the company that created it.
What to do if the drivers are not installed
If at any of the stages errors occur that prevent the drivers from being installed, then you must remove the adapter from the Device Manager and restart the computer.
Remove the card from the "Task Manager" After the reboot, open the list of connected devices again, and in it the sub-item "Other devices". It will contain the "Network Controller", which is your card. Install drivers on it using one of the methods described above.
The network controller is located in the sub-item "Other devices" Video: How to update the network driver
View map options
If you want to know the physical address, IPv4 settings, gateway address, and other possible information about the adapter, then follow these steps:
Additional way
You can also find out the card parameters through the "Command line" using the "ipconfig / all" command. "Command Prompt" can be found by going to "Start" - "Accessories" - "Command Prompt". Running this command brings up information about all physical and virtual adapters recognized by the computer.
We execute the command "ipconfig / all" to obtain information How to change map options
The previous paragraph described how to view network adapter information. But you can not only see it, but also change it by doing the following:
Video: how to set up a network card
Network card update
The only way to update the network card is to install more recent drivers on it, in which the developers have corrected some of the mistakes made earlier. Installing new drivers is done directly on top of the already installed ones. If you can’t install over it, then you should remove the device, restart the computer and repeat the procedure. How to do this is described in the paragraph "Updating and installing drivers".
Can two cards be used
Two network cards can work simultaneously and offload each other, if one of them is designed to work with Internet traffic, and the second - to work with a local network. To do this, you need to correctly set the IP, DNS and router settings for both adapters.
Reset adapter settings
You can reset the adapter settings, namely TCP / IP and DNS, using standard Windows tools or using a third-party program from Microsoft. Conditions under which a reset must be performed:
- Internet connection speed is slow or unstable;
- files are downloaded broken, this is due to the same instability of the Internet;
- when connected, the Internet works fully, but after a few minutes problems begin;
- manually changing the adapter settings led to other problems with the Internet.
Standard Method
Launch "Command Prompt" by going to "Start" - "Accessories" - "Command Prompt" and enter the commands "netsh int ip reset c:\resetlog.txt", "netsh int tcp reset" and "netsh winsock reset" which will perform a factory reset. Done, registry branches and system files see the changes, you may need to restart your computer.
We execute the commands "netsh int ip reset c:\resetlog.txt", "netsh int tcp reset" and "netsh winsock reset" in the "Command line" Through a third party program
You can download the NetShell program from Microsoft, which does not require installation, from their official website. After launching it, follow the instructions that appear on the screen to reset all changed settings.
Download the program to automatically reset the card settings Solving adapter-related errors
When setting up or using the adapter, the following errors may occur, which will prevent you from using the Internet or local network. Most of them can be eliminated without replacing the card.
The card does not have valid IP settings
You may encounter a similar error when setting IP parameters or scanning a network module using standard Windows Tools for automatic error recovery.
Manual retrieval of settings
If you have not changed the adapter parameters, that is, it receives an IP address automatically, then manually requesting an IP address can fix the problem:
Reset
Resetting settings to default is the most in a reliable way. How to do this in several ways is described in the "Reset adapter settings" paragraph.
Manual adapter setting
If the previous methods did not help, you should try setting the settings yourself:
"This device cannot start" error
This error occurs in the "Device Manager" not only with the adapter, but also with other connected devices, and has code 10. To fix it, you need to update the card drivers. How to do this is described in the section "Updating and installing drivers".
Adapter not working, not installing, or not showing up
If the adapter does not work, does not install, or does not appear, then the reasons may be the following:
Changed map settings fly off
If after you close the window with the changed settings or restart the computer, all the changes you made flies off as if you didn’t make them, then there are two ways to solve this problem: set the settings through the execution of commands and change the wrong values in the registry.
Making changes through the "Command line"
Run "Command Prompt" with administrator rights and execute the following two commands in sequence: "route delete 10.0.0.0" and "route -p add 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 X", in the second command "X" is the IP of your router, which usually looks like "192.168.0.1" but may have a different meaning in your case.
Changing registry settings
A network adapter is needed to connect to the Internet and other computers. If it does not work or does not appear, check its wired connection to the computer, and then the status of its drivers and settings. Remember to make sure that the use of the network card is enabled in the BIOS.
One of the problems that a user may encounter after reinstalling Windows is the lack of a driver for the network adapter (network driver) for wired or.
And if there is no driver disk at hand, then you will have to look for the driver and download it using another device that has Internet access.
In this article, we will consider an algorithm that will avoid the troubles that may arise after installing the OS.
What is a driver?
This is the program by which the computer's operating system communicates with the device's hardware ( motherboard, video card, network card, printer, scanner, MFP, etc.).
Drivers are developed by companies that produce computer components and peripherals that interact with a PC (for example, office equipment).
Often, modern operating systems (including and) already have a certain set of drivers that allow you to work with the main components of a computer, we will consider the case when such programs are not available.
A feature of the situation when the network driver is not installed is the inability to use programs for automatic installation drivers, since they all use the Internet connection for their work, and since the network driver is not installed, there is no access to the Internet.
The user, as a rule, encounters the installation of network adapter drivers in the following cases:
1. After buying a new computer and the absence of an installed OS on it.
3. After the failure of the network adapter drivers.
To solve the problems that arise in the first case, you need to look for the disks that come with the computer.
In the past few years, a trend has clearly formed that involves the rejection of the use of optical disc drives not only among laptop manufacturers, but also desktop PCs.
Users who independently choose the components from which their computer will be assembled also refuse to install a DVD drive.
Advice! We recommend that you download all the necessary drivers (not just network drivers) to a separate directory on your hard drive and/or flash drive. This will avoid situations when, after installing the operating system, you will need to look for a drive or PC (tablet, phone) to download drivers from a disk or the Internet.
Installing the network driver
After downloading the necessary program, you can proceed to install it.
Similar actions will be in case of updating the network driver.
To install / update the network adapter driver, you need to go to the "Device Manager" as described earlier.
Select the required item and in the context menu, which is available by clicking the right mouse button, select the item "Update drivers ...".
Select "Search for driver software on this computer".
We go to the directory in which we recently downloaded everything we need, using the "Browse" button, click "Next" and wait for the end of the driver installation process.
There is also an opinion that if you update (reinstall) the network driver, you must first uninstall the old one, after which you should install the new one.
Important! To delete already installed driver you need to go to the "Device Manager", select the network adapter, right-click and select "Delete" in the context menu. After that, the system will warn that the device driver will be removed, agree by clicking "OK".
Driver Updater by Carambis
If you have a need to search for universal programs that can function on different operating systems: we mean utilities for creating group policies, programs for cleaning the system from viruses and, of course, software for working with OS drivers - best solution will use the program Carambis Driver updater.
Thanks to Driver Updater, you can not only get the necessary software but good savings too.
After all, one purchase of a subscription allows you to connect two computers at once.
As for the process of work, the utility does an excellent job with the tasks.
Now you do not need to fix the errors of the connected hardware components on each computer.
Configuring automatic search and installation of updates now independently updates all devices.
But, if you need to speed up your computer, we recommend using another utility from the same manufacturer -.
Its capabilities:
- Comprehensive optimization of the operating system;
- The ability to delete components and temporary files that are no longer used and are not needed for the OS to work;
- Remove all OS error reports;
- Quick registry cleaning;
- Ability to delete files that the user selects;
- Removal installed programs in the main window of the program with a few clicks.
Remember, files that have been deleted by the program cannot be recovered (unlike the usual deletion procedure using the built-in OS functions).
Run diagnostics on your computer several times a month to keep your system in good working order.
How to Install Network Adapter Driver Without Internet Access
Network adapter driver - detailed instruction for installation